Two Main Techniques:

1. Follicular Unit Transplantation (FUT):Also known as the "strip method."
   A strip of scalp is surgically removed from the donor area (usually the back of the head), where hair is genetically resistant to balding.
   The strip is then dissected under a microscope into individual follicular units (groups of 1-4 hairs).
   Tiny incisions are made in the recipient area, and the follicular units are carefully implanted.
   The donor site is closed with sutures, which leave a linear scar.
   Advantages of FUT:Can harvest a large number of grafts in a single session, making it suitable for covering larger bald areas.
   Generally less expensive than FUE per graft.
   Disadvantages of FUT:Leaves a linear scar in the donor area.
   Longer recovery time compared to FUE.
   More post-operative discomfort.
   

2. Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE):Individual hair follicles are extracted directly from the donor area using a small punch tool (typically 0.7-1.0 mm in diameter).
   No large incisions or sutures are required in the donor area.
   The extracted follicular units are then implanted into the recipient area, similar to the FUT procedure.
   Advantages of FUE:Minimal scarring (tiny, dot-like scars that are barely visible).
   Faster recovery time.
   Less post-operative discomfort.
   Allows for harvesting hair from other parts of the body (body hair transplantation or BHT) if the scalp donor area is insufficient.
   Disadvantages of FUE:More time-consuming procedure.
   Typically more expensive per graft than FUT.
   May require multiple sessions for extensive hair loss.
   Limited number of grafts can be harvested in one session compared to FUT.
   

Modern Advancements in FUE:

• Sapphire FUE: Uses blades made from sapphire, which are sharper and more precise than traditional steel blades. This is claimed to result in smaller incisions, faster healing, and less scarring.

• DHI (Direct Hair Implantation): A modified FUE technique where a specialized pen-like tool (Choi Implanter Pen) is used to simultaneously create the incision and implant the follicle. This is claimed to improve graft survival rates and allow for more precise control over the angle and depth of implantation.

• Surgeon's Skill and Experience: The surgeon's expertise is crucial for achieving natural-looking results and minimizing complications.

• Graft Quality: Healthy and robust grafts are essential for successful transplantation.

• Recipient Site Preparation: The recipient site must be properly prepared to receive the grafts.

• Post-Operative Care: Following the surgeon's post-operative instructions is crucial for proper healing and graft survival.

• Patient's Hair Characteristics: Hair type, color, and density can affect the outcome.

Pre-Operative Considerations:

• Consultation: A thorough consultation with a qualified hair transplant surgeon is essential to assess your suitability for the procedure and discuss your goals.

• Medical History: The surgeon will review your medical history and any medications you are taking.

• Donor Area Evaluation: The surgeon will assess the quality and density of hair in your donor area.

• Planning: The surgeon will design a personalized treatment plan based on your individual needs.

Post-Operative Care:

• Swelling and Bruising: Some swelling and bruising around the forehead and eyes are common after the procedure.

• Pain Management: Pain medication may be prescribed to manage any discomfort.

• Washing and Care: Specific instructions will be provided on how to wash and care for the transplanted area.

• Follow-Up Appointments: Regular follow-up appointments with the surgeon are necessary to monitor healing and progress.

Risks and Complications:

• Infection: Although rare, infection is a possible complication.

• Bleeding: Some bleeding may occur after the procedure.

• Scarring: FUT leaves a linear scar, while FUE leaves tiny, dot-like scars.

• Poor Graft Survival: Not all transplanted grafts may survive.

• Unnatural Appearance: Poorly performed hair transplants can result in an unnatural appearance.